Abstract
Transport systems have often been designed with the focus of moving commuters in cars as efficiently as possible between home and work during peak travel times associated with standard working hours. For many women, such as those who do not drive, who are disabled, who have children, or who work non-standard hours, these transport systems do not support their commuting needs. Despite a growing body of research over the last 40 years into how women travel to work, this has tended towards researching women as a homogenous group.
To understand a broader range of commuting experiences, this qualitative study explores work-related travel experiences of diverse women living in Christchurch, New Zealand, whose experiences are impacted by factors such as ethnicity, cultural obligations, socio-economic status, employment status, level of education, age group, family responsibilities, health, and disability status. Using relational theory to analyse how women navigate conflicting space-times, interpersonal relationships, the built environment, the past, present and future, and societal power structures, this research reframes commuting as an inherently relational activity. It challenges the traditional notion of a commuter as an autonomous individual making independent travel decisions. Instead, it portrays commuting as deeply entangled with societal systems and relationships that influence all aspects of women's travel. By rethinking who these systems are designed for, we can better address the interrelated realities of women's lives, ultimately creating more inclusive, equitable, and efficient urban environments.
•The study identifies five relational factors that impact women's commuting.•Challenges the traditional idea of a commuter as an autonomous individual.•Women's commuting is deeply entangled with societal systems and relationships.•Designing for communities could better reflect the realities of women's commutes.